Title & Author | Abstract | |
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10(031) | HYPERSTRUCTURE IN BRAIN AND COGNITION
Target Article on Hyperstructure Ken Richardson Centre for Human Development & Learning The Open University Walton Hall Milton Keynes MK7 6AA United Kingdom k.richardson@open.ac.uk |
Abstract:
This target article tries to identify the informational
content of experience underlying object percepts and concepts in
complex, changeable environments, in a way which can be related to
higher cerebral functions. In complex environments, repetitive
experience of feature- and object-images in static, canonical form
is rare, and this remains a problem in current theories of
conceptual representation. The only reliable information available
in natural experience consists of nested covariations or
'hyperstructures'. These need to be registered in a
representational system. Such representational hyperstructures can
have novel emergent structures and evolution into 'higher'
forms of representation, such as object concepts and event- and
social-schemas. Together, these can provide high levels of
predictability. A sketch of a model of hyperstructural functions in
object perception and conception is presented. Some comparisons
with related views in the literature of the recent decades are
made, and some empirical evidence is briefly reviewed.
Keywords: complexity, covariation, features, hypernetwork, hyperstructure, object concepts, receptive field, representation |
10(034) | EXTRACTING PREDICTABLE HYPERSTRUCTURE
Commentary on Richardson on Hyperstructure Juergen Schmidhuber IDSIA Corso Elvezia 36 6900 Lugano Switzerland http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen juergen@idsia.ch |
Abstract:
Richardson's project is partially realized in previous
work on discovery of predictable classifications.
Keywords: complexity, covariation, features, hypernetwork, hyperstructure, object concepts, receptive field, representation |
10(040) | ABSTRACT IDEAS, SCHEMATA AND HYPERSTRUCTURES: PLUS CA CHANGE...
Commentary on Richardson on Hyperstructure Cyril Latimer Department of Psychology University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia http://www.psych.usyd.edu.ay/staff/cyril cyril@psych.usyd.edu.au |
Abstract:
Richardson's hyperstructures display the characteristics
of a number of earlier explanatory concepts in perception and
pattern recognition. Questions can be raised about their exact
ontological status: Are they truly global constructs? or are they
derived from the products of prior local processing? If the former,
then what is the mechanism of their direct detection? If the
latter, then questions can be asked about the validity of
Richardson's attack on so-called "feature theory," which would seem
to provide the basis for the extraction and derivation of
hyperstructures. A more explicit conception of hyperstructures may
be in terms of the "dependence systems" suggested by Rescher &
Oppenheim (1955). Richardson suggests that hyperstructures fill a
"void" in connectionist systems. It is argued here that there is no
such void, and that Richardson's claim stems from his confusion of
neural-level and cognitive descriptions, together with an
incomplete exposition of the exact ontological status of his
hyperstructures.
Keywords: connectionism, feature, global, hyperstructure, local, schema, part, whole. |
10(065) | HOW HYPERSTRUCTURES WORK
Response to Latimer and Schmidhuber on Richardson on Hyperstructures Ken Richardson Centre for Human Development & Learning The Open University Milton Keynes MK7 6AA U.K. k.richardson@open.ac.uk |
Abstract:
I reply to Latimer's (1999) criticisms by trying to
clarify some key features of the Hyperstructures model, discussing
further some evidence in its favour, and explaining its ontological
status. I acknowledge the specific instantiation of a
hyperstructure in the neural net described by Schmidhuber (1999).
Keywords: hyperstructure, feature, global, local, connectionism, neural nets |